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Eternal
1.2379 (X153CrMoV12) forged round bar is a ledeburitic 12% chromium cold work tool steel manufactured to EN ISO 4957, designed for applications demanding exceptional wear resistance, high hardness, and good dimensional stability after heat treatment.
Jiangyin Eternal Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd is a Chinese factory specializing in the production of H13 forged round steel.Our forged round bars are produced via EAF + LF + VD + Hot Forged process routes, with optional ESR (Electro-Slag Remelting) for enhanced cleanliness and homogeneity. Forged ratio is guaranteed at no less than 3:1, ensuring sound internal structure and superior mechanical properties.
Element | C | Si | Mn | P ≤ | S ≤ | Cr | Mo | V |
1.2379 | 1.45–1.60 | 0.10–0.60 | 0.20–0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 11.00–13.00 | 0.70–1.20 | 0.70–1.10 |
X153CrMoV12 | 1.53 | 0.35 | 0.40 | — | — | 12.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 |
Standard | Designation |
EN / DIN EN ISO 4957 | X153CrMoV12 / 1.2379 |
DIN (old) | X155CrVMo12-1 |
AISI / ASTM A681 | D2 |
JIS G4404 | SKD11 |
AFNOR (France) | Z160CDV12 / 60CMD8 |
BS (UK) | BD2 |
UNI (Italy) | X155CrVMo12KU |
ÖNORM (Austria) | 1.2379 |
Applicable European standards:
EN ISO 4957:2018 – Tool steels
EN 10204 3.1 – Inspection certificate
SEP 1921 – Ultrasonic testing (optional)
ISO 9001:2015 – Quality management certification
Property | Value | Condition |
Density | 7.70 g/cm³ | 20°C |
Delivery Hardness | ≤ 255 HB | Soft annealed (+A) |
Working Hardness | 58–62 HRC | After hardening & tempering |
Max. Achievable Hardness | 62–64 HRC | As-quenched |
Modulus of Elasticity | 210 kN/mm² | 20°C |
Thermal Conductivity | 20.0–22.3 W/mK | 20°C |
Specific Heat Capacity | 460 J/(kg·K) | 20°C |
Thermal Expansion (20–200°C) | 11.5 × 10⁻⁶/K | — |
Our 1.2379 forged round bars are produced with the following process route:
EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) → LF (Ladle Furnace) → VD (Vacuum Degassing) → Hot Forging → Heat Treatment (Optional) → Turning/Peeling (Optional)
Hot forming temperature: 1050–850°C
Forged ratio: ≥ 3:1 (guaranteed)
Available diameters: 80 mm – 600 mm
Available lengths: 2,000 mm – 6,000 mm (up to 12,000 mm on request)
Advantages of forged over rolled bar for 1.2379:
Hot forged + rough turned (black surface)
Soft annealed (+A), max. 255 HB
Bright peeled/turned bars available on request
1.2379 requires a high-quality heat treatment program to achieve optimal performance.
Parameter | Specification |
Temperature | 820–860°C |
Cooling | Furnace cooling to < 550°C, then air cooling |
Resulting Hardness | ≤ 255 HB |
Parameter | Specification |
Temperature | 650–700°C |
Cooling | Furnace cooling |
Purpose | Before final machining of large tools |
Parameter | Standard | Special |
Temperature | 1000–1040°C | 1050–1080°C |
Quenching Medium | Air / Oil / Gas stream | Oil / Warm bath 500–550°C |
Hardness after Quench | 62–64 HRC | 62–64 HRC |
Parameter | Standard | Special |
Temperature | 220–280°C | 500–540°C |
Hardness after Tempering | 58–62 HRC | 58–62 HRC |
Double tempering is recommended for optimal dimensional stability and toughness.
Key Heat Treatment Notes:
1.2379 hardens through air cooling, minimizing distortion after heat treatment.
Nitriding is possible after special heat treatment for enhanced surface wear resistance.
Higher austenitizing temperatures (1050–1080°C) increase wear resistance at the expense of toughness.
Tempering between 300–500°C should be avoided due to the risk of temper embrittlement.
1.2379 (X153CrMoV12 / D2) forged round bar is widely used in cold work tooling applications across European manufacturing industries:
Blanking tools and dies
Fine blanking tools (sheet thickness up to 12 mm)
Punching and stamping dies
Thread rolling dies and thread rolling rolls
Cold forming and deep drawing dies
Trimming dies
Profile rolling rolls
Circular shear knives
Machine knives for woodworking
Paper cutting knives
Slitting knives
Molds for plastics with high wear resistance
Insert dies
Crush cut molds of plastic
Cold extrusion tools
Coining dies
Gauge blocks
Wear-resistant machine components
Pricing for 1.2379 forged round bar depends on dimensions, quantity, delivery condition, and specification requirements. Below is an indicative market reference:
Size Range | Indicative Price (EUR/kg) | Notes |
Ø 12–50 mm (peeled) | €4.90–6.00/kg | Small quantities, ex-works Europe |
Ø 50–200 mm (forged) | €3.00–4.50/kg | Standard stock sizes |
Ø 200–600 mm (forged) | €2.50–3.80/kg | Large-section, quantity discount |
Custom sizes / ESR quality | Quote upon request | Premium quality |
Prices are indicative and vary with order volume (MOQ: 1–20 MT), alloy surcharge, and delivery terms.
Surface: Black hot forged / Rough turned / Bright peeled
Heat Treatment: Soft annealed (+A) to max. 255 HB (standard); Q+T or Normalized available
Certification: EN 10204 3.1 MTC, UT according to SEP 1921 (optional)
MOQ: 1 MT for standard sizes; 5–20 MT for custom sizes
Lead Time: 25–35 days for stock sizes; 30–45 days for custom orders
Payment: T/T, L/C at sight, 30% advance + balance before shipment
Incoterms: FOB, CIF, DAP (Europe)
HS Code: 7228.40 — Bars of alloy tool steel, forged
Packaging: Steel strapping, end caps, wooden saddles; seaworthy packing for export
What is the difference between 1.2379, X153CrMoV12, and D2?
They refer to the same material under different designation systems. 1.2379 is the Werkstoff number, X153CrMoV12 is the EN/DIN short name, and D2 is the AISI equivalent. All three designations describe the same 12% chromium cold work tool steel. The material is supplied according to EN ISO 4957 as standard.
What is the maximum hardness achievable with 1.2379?
1.2379 can be hardened to 62–64 HRC after quenching. The recommended working hardness for most cold work applications is 58–62 HRC, which provides an optimal balance of wear resistance and toughness.
Is 1.2379 suitable for nitriding?
Yes. 1.2379 can be nitrided after special heat treatment to achieve surface hardness of up to 70 HRC. Nitriding provides enhanced surface wear resistance while maintaining a tough core, making it ideal for high-wear cold forming tools.
How does forged 1.2379 differ from rolled 1.2379?
Forged bars offer superior internal soundness with refined grain structure and better carbide distribution. This results in improved machinability, enhanced polishability, and more consistent performance in large-section tooling applications. Forged bars are particularly recommended for diameters above 150 mm.
Which European industries commonly use 1.2379?
1.2379 is widely used across European manufacturing sectors including automotive stamping (Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia), precision engineering (Italy, Austria), woodworking tools (Sweden, Finland), and general cold forming industries. Germany represents the largest market for this grade in Europe, followed by Italy and France.
